Compound with more benzenoid structure are more stable as their Resonance energy is greater than those in which lesser no. of benzenoid structure are present.
If double bond is participating in resonance then it will acquire partial single bond character as a result of which bond length increase & bond strength decreases.
If a single bond is involved in resonance then it will acquire partial double bond character. As a result of which bond length decreases & bond strength increases.
Q1. 
Stability = e > b = d > c
Q2
Stability =a > b > c > d
Note: – When lone pair as well as double bond as present in some atom. Then only π bond will participating resonance. Whereas lone pair remains sp2 hybridizes orbital.
When an atom two and more than two known a lone pair of e- will participate. Then only one lone pair remains sp2hybride.
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