Carbanion: A Carbanion is an anion in which carbon has an unshared pair of electrons and holds a negative charge generally with three groups for eight valence electrons
- It is a negative charged species
- It has octet of electrons
- Diamagnetic in Nature.
Structure:
- If negative charge is in Resonance then, Hybridization of Carbanion is sp2 (Triangular Planer Shape)
- If negative charge is not in Resonance then the Hybridization of Carbanion is sp3 (pyramidal)
Stability:
Its stability can be determined with the help of
- Inductive effect
- Resonance effect
Ex.1 
Stability of the carbocation is as follows
Ex.2 Compare the stability of the following Carbanion
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
Sol. c > a > b (Stability)
Ex.3 Compare the stability of the following Carbanion
- -CH2CF3
- -CH2Cl3
- -CH2CBr3
Sol. a > b > c
Ex.4 Arrange the following anion ion order of their stability
- Cl-
- Br-
- F-
- I- (Maximum size)
Maximum dispersion negative charge
Maximum stability
Sol. d > b > a > c
Ex.5 Compare the Stability of the following
- -CH3
- -NH2
- -OH
- F-
Sol. Same period element (C, N, O, F)
⇒Stability ∝ E.N. of the atom
a > c > b > a
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