CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Notes: Chemical Kinetics – Introduction & Types of Reaction

CHEMICAL KINETICS

This branch of Science deals with rates of chemical reactions, mechanism of reaction and factors influencing the reaction.

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

Very fast (instantaneous) Reaction:

• Reaction is so fast, that the determination of rate of reaction is difficult.
• Involve ionic species.
• Occurs within 10-14 to10-16 seconds.

Examples:

AgNo3 + NaCl →AgCl + NaNO3

BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

Very Slow Reaction:

• Reaction is slow, extremely slow
• Determination of rate of reaction is difficult task.
• Take months to show measurable change.

Examples:

Moderate Reactions:

• Occurs at moderate and measurable rates at room temp.
• Study of kinetics is simple.
• Molecular in nature.

Examples:

2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
2N2O5 → 2N2O4 + O2
CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3COONa + C2H5OH
C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
Cane sugar                         Glucose          Fructose
NO2 + CO → NO + CO2
2FeCl3 + SnCl2 → 2FeCl2 + SnCl4 (aqueous phase)

Elementary Reaction:

The reactions in which the rate equation corresponds to a stoichiometric equation called elementary reaction.

Non-Elementary Reaction:
The reactions which have no relation between stoichiometric equation and rates of reaction, called non-elementary reactions.

Single Reaction:
When single stoichiometric equation and single rate equation are chosen to represent the progress of the reaction we have single reaction.

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