Algebra of Sets:
Idempotent Law: For any set A,
- A ∪ A = A
- A ∩ A = A
Identity Law: For any set A,
- A ∪ ϕ = A
- A ∩ U = A
Commutative Law: For any two sets A and B
- A ∪ B = B ∪ A
- A ∩ B = B ∩ A
Associative Law: For any three sets A, B and C
- ≤ A ∪ B) ∪ C = A ∪ ≤ B ∪ C)
- A ∩ ≤ B ∩ C) = ≤ A ∩ B) ∩ C
Distributive Law: For any three sets A, B and C
- A ∪ ≤ B ∩ C) = ≤ A ∪ B) ∩ ≤ A ∪ C)
- A ∩ ≤ B ∪ C) = ≤ A ∩ B) ∪ ≤ A ∩ C)
De Morgan’s Law: For any two sets A and B
- ≤ A ∪ B)¢ = A¢ ∩ B¢
- ≤ A ∩ B)¢ = A¢ ∪ B¢
POWER SET
The set of all subsets of a given set A is called the power set A and is denoted by P ≤ A). P ≤ A) = {S: S ⊆ A}
For example, if A = {1, 2, 3}, then
P≤ A) = { ϕ,{1},{2},{3},{1},{1,2},{1,3},{2.3},{1,2,3}}
Clearly, if A has n elements, then its power set P≤ A) contains exactly 2n elements.
Some More Results:
- n ≤ set of elements neither in A nor in B) = n ≤ A¢ ∩ B¢) = n≤ A ∪ B)¢ = n ≤ U) – n ≤ A ∪ B)
- n ≤ A¢ ∪ B¢) = n≤ A ∩ B)¢ = n ≤ U) – n ≤ A ∩ B)
- n ≤ A Δ B) = n [≤ A – B) ∪ ≤ B – A)] = n [≤ A ∩ B¢) ∪ ≤ A¢ ∩ B)] = n ≤ A) + n ≤ B) – 2n≤ A ∩ B).
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CBSE Class 11 Maths Sets Relations and Functions All Topic Notes CBSE Class 11 Maths All Chapters Notes
