CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Notes: Chemistry in Everyday Life – Soaps

1. Toilet Soaps:-
Toilet Soaps are prepared by using better grades of fats and oils and core is taken to remove excess alkali.

2. Landry Soaps:-
Used for washing clothes, contains fillers like sodium rosin ate, sodium silicate, borax and sodium carbonate. Other kinds of soaps are – shaving soaps, floating soaps, transparent soaps etc.

ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE OF SOAPS:-

1. Soap is good cleanising agent is 100% biodegradable, it does not create any pollution but it have disadvantage also:

a. Soaps cannot be get used in hard water since calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water produces curdy white PPt with calcium and magnesium salt of fatty acids.

b. Soaps cannot be used in acidic solution. Since acids precipitate the insoluble free fatty acids.

Detergents:-
They are ammonium, sulphonate or sulphate salts of long chain hydrocarbons containing 12 – 18 carbon atoms. But the more common detergents are sodium salts of long chain sulphonic acids.
Detergents can be used in hard water.

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