Class 12 Economics: Macroeconomics – Government Budget and Economy – Get here the Notes for Class 12 Economics : Macroeconomics – Government Budget and Economy. Candidates who are ambitious to qualify the Class 12 with good score can check this article for Notes. This is possible only when you have the best CBSE Class 12 Economics Notes,study material, and a smart preparation plan. CBSE 2019 Class 12th Exam is approaching and candidates will have to make the best use of the time available towards the last stage of your CBSE Class 12th Economics Preparation. To help you with that, below we have provided the Notes of 12 Economics for topic Macroeconomics – Government Budget and Economy.
- Class: 12th
- Subject: Economics
- Topic: Macroeconomics – Government Budget and Economy
- Resource: Notes
CBSE Notes Class 12 Economics Government Budget and Economy
Candidates who are pursuing in Class 12 are advised to revise the notes from this post. With the help of Notes, candidates can plan their Strategy for particular weaker section of the subject and study hard. So, go ahead and check the Important Notes for Class 12 Economics : Macroeconomics – Government Budget and Economy.
Points to Remember
1. Government Budget: A government budget is annual statement showing receipts and expenditures during a fiscal year. 2. Objectives of Government Budget (i) Economic growth (ii) Proper allocation of resources (iii) Generation of Employment (iv) Economic stability (v) Economic equality (vi) Management of public enterprises 3. Public Goods Those goods which can not be provided through the market mechanism and hence, must be provided by the government are called public goods. 4. Revenue Receipts Receipt which neither create liability nor lead to reduction in assets are called revenue receipts. Revenue receipts are further divided under two heads (i) Receipt form Tax (a) Direct Tax (b) Indirect Tax (ii) Receipts from Non-Tax Revenue
5. Capital Receipts The receipts of government which create liability or reduce financial assets are called capital receipts. These receipts are classified under the followingheads
(i) Market borrowings
(ii) Other borrowings and loans
(iii) Small savings
(iv) Provident fund and other deposits
6. Revenue Expenditure It refers to the expenditure that does not result in the creation of assets reduction of liabilities. The revenue expenditure is also of two types
(i) Plan revenue expenditure
(ii) Non-plan revenue expenditure
7. Capital Expenditure It refers to the expenditure which leads to creation of assets or reduction in liabilities. e.g., defence capital, purchasing land, building etc.
8. Plan Expenditure The expenditure to be incurred during the financial year on the development and investment programmes under the current Five Year Plan is termed as plan expenditure.
9. Non-Plan Expenditure All expenditures of government not included in the current Five-Year Plan is termed as non-plan expenditure.
10. Deficit Budget If government expenditures exceed the government receipts, it is called deficit budget.
(i) Revenue Deficit (RD) = Total Revenue Expenditure – Total Revenue Receipts
(ii) Fiscal Deficit (FD) = Total Budget Expenditure – Total Budget Receipts excluding borrowing Or Fiscal Deficit = Borrowing
(iii) Primary Deficit (PD)=Fiscal Deficit Interest Payment
11. Measures to Reduce Fiscal Deficit
(i) Reduce public expenditure
(ii) Increasing revenue from taxation and other measures
12. Discretionary Fiscal Policy If investment falls and government spending can be raised so that autonomous expenditure and equilibrium remain the same. This deliberate action to stabilise the economy is often referred to as discretionary fiscal policy.
Class 12 Key Points, Important Questions & Practice Papers
Hope these notes helped you in your schools exam preparation. Candidates can also check out the Key Points, Important Questions & Practice Papers for various Subjects for Class 12 in both Hindi and English language form the link below.
Class 12 NCERT Solutions
Candidates who are studying in Class 12 can also check Class 12 NCERT Solutions from here. This will help the candidates to know the solutions for all subjects covered in Class 12th. Candidates can click on the subject wise link to get the same. Class 12 Chapter-wise, detailed solutions to the questions of the NCERT textbooks are provided with the objective of helping students compare their answers with the sample answers.
Class 12 Mock Test / Practice
Mock test are the practice test or you can say the blue print of the main exam. Before appearing in the main examination, candidates must try mock test as it helps the students learn from their mistakes. With the help of Class 12 Mock Test / Practice, candidates can also get an idea about the pattern and marking scheme of that examination. For the sake of the candidates we are providing Class 12 Mock Test / Practice links below.
Class 12 Exemplar Questions
Exemplar Questions Class 12 is a very important resource for students preparing for the Examination. Here we have provided Exemplar Problems Solutions along with NCERT Exemplar Problems Class 12. Question from very important topics is covered by Exemplar Questions for Class 12.
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