AP Intermediate 1st Year Syllabus Geography

Section – A

Unit – I General Geography

Definition and scope of Geography – Branches of Geography
Geography as an integrating Discipline and as Spacial Science with physical, biological and social sciences.

Unit – II Solar System

Origin and Evolution of solar system.
Rotation and Revolution of the Earth and their effects.
Latitudes and longitudes.
Standard Time and International Date line.

Unit – III The Earth

Interior of the Earth
Wegner’s theory of continental drift
Major Rock types and their characteristics

Section – B

Unit – IV GEOMORPHOLOGY

Major landforms: Mountains, Plateaus and Plains
Geomorphic Process: Weathering – Physical and Chemical Weathering.
Landforms associated with wind and river – Erosional and depositional.

Unit – V CLIMATOLOGY

Climate : Elements of weather and climate
Atmosphere : Composition and structure of atmosphere
Insolation : Insolation and Heat Budget of the Planet Earth.
Temperature : Factors influencing Temperature, Vertical and horizontal distribution of temperature
Pressure : Global pressure belts
Winds : Planetary winds, Seasonal and local winds.
Precipitation : Forms and types of rain fall (Convectional, Orographic and Cyclonic rain fall).

Unit – VI BIO-GEOGRAPHY

Biomes of the world : Equatorial, Tropical and Temporate
Biodiversity and Conservation
Concept of Ecosystem and Ecological Balance

Section – C
Oceanography, Hydrology and Natural hazards

Unit – VII Oceanography

Division of the Ocean floor: Continental shelf, Continental slope, Deep Sea plains and Ocean deeps.
Ocean Temperatures: Vertical and horizontal distributions
Ocean Salinity: Definition, vertical and horizontal distributions
Oceanic Movements: Waves, Tides and Currents, (Currents of Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean)

Unit – VIII Hydrology

Elements of Hydrological cycle: Precipitation, evaporation, evapotranspiration, run off, infiltration and recharge.
Hydrological Cycle.

Unit – IX Natural Hazards

Causes and Spatial distribution of floods, droughts, cyclones, Tsunamis, Earthquakes and landslides.
Global Warming and its consequences.
Disaster Management in India.

Basic Elements of Practical Geography (I and II year)

Unit – I Maps:

Types of Maps, Scales of Maps, Conversion of Scales, Constructions of linear Scales, Graphic Scales and Diagonal Scales.

Unit – II Instruments:

Measuring distances with Opisometer/Rotameter. Weather instruments and their uses, (kRain gauge, wet and dry bulb thermometer, maximum and minimum thermometer, wind wane Barometer).

Unit – III Weather Charts:

Indian weather maps – Introduction and weather symbols.

Unit – IV SOI Toposheets

Survey of India Toposheets – Conventional signs and symbols in SOI Toposheets.

Unit – V Contour land forms:

Plateau, Conical hill, ridge, V-shaped valley, U-shaped valley, gorge, cliff, spur, escarpment, uniform slope, concave slope, convex slope, undulating slope.

Unit – VI Simple Statistics:

Introduction – Class interval, frequency, cumulative frequency, distribution of the data among class intervals, inclusive method, exclusive method. Problems – Mean, Median and Mode.

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