NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Ans : (i) (d) Tropical Evergreen
(ii) (a) 100 cm
(iii) (c) Odisha
(iv) (a) Manas 

Ans : (i) All the plants and animals in an area are interdependent and interrelated to each other in their physical environment, thus forming an ecosystem. Human beings are also an integral part of the ecosystem. They utilise the vegetation and wild life.
(ii) The factors responsible for the distribution of plants (flora) and animals (fauna) in India are
(a) Relief factors
Land
Oil
(b) Climate
Temperature
Precipitation
Photoperiod (sunlight)
(iii)  A bioreserve is an area in which the flora and fauna of the given country is protected and there are certain researches which are done on them. It is an area containing a wildlife preserve bordered by a buffer zone in which more frequent use is permitted to the public, established as a way of integrating habitat conservation with the interests of the local community.
Examples are Rajaji in Uttarakhand and Simlipal in Orissa.
(iv) Animals found in Tropical forests are lion. tiger. pig, deer and elephant.
Animals found in Montane forests are Kashmir stag, spotted deer, wild sheep, jack rabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squirrels. shaggy horn wild ibex. bear and rare red panda, sheep and goats with thick hair. 

Ans : (i) Difference between Flora and Fauna

(ii) Difference between Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous Forests
 

Ans : The following major types of vegetation are found in India
Tropical Evergreen Forests
Tropical Deciduous Forests
Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrub
Montane Forests
Mangrove Forests
Vegetation of High Altitude (Montane Forests)
In mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to a corresponding change in natural vegetation.
The wet temperate type of forests are found between a height of 1000 and 2000 metres, where evergreen broad leaf trees such as oaks and chestnuts predominate.
Temperate forests containing coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver fir, spruce and cedar are found between 1500 and 3000 metres.
These forests cover mostly the southern slopes of the Himalayas, places having high altitudes in southern and north east India.
Temperate grasslands are common at higher elevations.
At high altitudes, generally more than 3,600 metres above sea level, alpine vegetation is found. Silver fir, jumpers, pines and birches are the common trees of these forests
 

Ans : (i)Many plants and animals in India are endangered because of the greediness of human beings for their commercial value. Humans are hunting animals for their skins, horns and hooves which are In demand and give a lot of profit.
(ii)Deforestation on a wide scale destroys the habitat of animals and also leads to decline of the different species of trees and plants. Ecological balance is disturbed due to deforestation, which is harmful for both flora and fauna.