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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Geography Chapter 7 Landforms And Their Evolution

by aglasem
August 29, 2021
in 11th Class
Reading Time: 1 min read
0
NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography Chapter 7 Landforms And Their Evolution– Here are all the NCERT solutions for Class 11 Geography Chapter 7. This solution contains questions, answers, images, explanations of the complete chapter 1 titled  Of Landforms And Their Evolution taught in Class 11. If you are a student of Class 11 who is using NCERT Textbook to study Geography, then you must come across chapter 7 Landforms And Their Evolution After you have studied lesson, you must be looking for answers of its questions. Here you can get complete NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Geography Chapter 7 Landforms And Their Evolution in one place.

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NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography Chapter 7 Landforms And Their Evolution

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Here on AglaSem Schools, you can access to NCERT Book Solutions in free pdf for Geography for Class 11 so that you can refer them as and when required. The NCERT Solutions to the questions after every unit of NCERT textbooks aimed at helping students solving difficult questions.

For a better understanding of this chapter, you should also see summary of Chapter 7 Landforms And Their Evolution , Geography, Class 11.

Class 11
Subject Geography
Book Fundamentals Of Physical Geography
Chapter Number 7
Chapter Name

Landforms And Their Evolution

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Geography chapter 7 Landforms And Their Evolution

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Class 11, Geography chapter 7, Landforms And Their Evolution solutions are given below in PDF format. You can view them online or download PDF file for future use.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Geography (Fundamental of physical geography) Chapter 7 Landforms and their evolution Download

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Question & Answer

Q.1: Multiple  choice  questions.
(i) In which of the following stages of landform development, downward cutting is  dominated?
(a)  Youth  stage
(b)  Late  mature  stage
(c)  Early  mature  stage
(d) Old stage
 
(ii) A deep valley characterised by steep step-like side slopes is known as
(a)  U-shaped  valley
(b) Gorge
(c)  Blind  valley
(d)  Canyon


(iii) In which one of the following regions the chemical weathering process is more  dominant  than  the  mechanical  process?
(a)  Humid region
(b)  Limestone  region
(c) Arid region
(d)  Glacier  region


(iv) Which one of the following sentences best defines the term ‘Lapies’?
(a)A small to medium sized shallow depression
(b) A landform whose opening is more or less circular at the top and funnel  shaped  towards  bottom
(c) A landform formed due to dripping water from surface
(d) An  irregular  surface  with  sharp  pinnacles,  grooves  and  ridges


(v) A deep, long and wide trough or basin with very steep concave high walls at its head as well as in sides is known as:
(a)  Cirque
(b)  Glacial  valley
(c)  Lateral  Moraine
(d) Esk

Ans : (i) (a) Youth stage (ii) (d) Canyon (iii) (b) Limestone region (iv) (a) A small to medium sized shallow depression (v) (a) Cirque

Q.2: Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) What  do  incised  meanders  in  rocks  and  meanders  in  plains  of  alluvium indicate?


(ii) Explain the evolution of valley sinks or uvalas.


(iii) Underground  flow  of  water  is  more  common  than  surface  runoff  in limestone  areas.  Why?


(iv) Glacial  valleys  show  up  many  linear  depositional  forms. Give their locations  and  names.


(v) How  does  wind  perform  its  task  in  desert  areas? Is  it  the  only  agent responsible  for  the  erosional  features  in  the  deserts?

Ans : (i) The incised meanders in rocks and meanders in plains of alluvium indicates the status of original land surfaces over which streams have developed. (ii) Generally, the surface run-off simply goes down swallow and sinkholes and flow as underground streams and re-emerge at a distance downstream through a cave opening. When sinkholes and dolines join together because of slumping of materials along their margins or due to roof collapse of caves, long, narrow to wide trenches called valley sinks or Uvalas form. (iii) Underground flow of water is more common than surface runoff in limestone areas because limestone is rich in calcium carbonate, the surface water as well as ground'.water through the chemical process of solution and precipitation deposition, develop varieties of landforms. These processes of solution and precipitation are active in limestones occurring either exclusively or interbedded with other rocks. (iv) Glacial valleys show up many linear depositional forms:

  • Terminal moraines: formed at the end (toe) of the glaciers.
  • Lateral moraines - formed along the sides parallel to the glacial valleys
  • Ground moraines - many valley glaciers retreating rapidly leave an irregular sheet of till over their valley floors.
  • Eskers - flow over the ground with ice forming its banks.
  • Outwash Plains - The plains at the foot of the glacial mountains or beyond the limits of continental ice sheets.
  • Drumlins - form beneath heavily loaded ice through fissures in the glacier.
(v) Winds also move along the desert floors with great speed and the obstructions in their path create turbulence. Winds cause deflation, abrasion and impact. Deflation includes lifting and removal of dust and smaller particles from the surface of rocks. In the transportation process sand and silt act as effective tools to abrade the land surface. The impact is simply sheer force of momentum which occurs when sand is blown into or against a rock surface. The wind action creates a number of interesting erosional and depositional features in the deserts. Winds are not the only agent responsible for the erosional features in the deserts. The rain or sheet wash is also important.

Q.3: Answer the following questions in about 150 words.
(i) Running water is by far the most dominating geomorphic agent in shaping the earth’s surface in humid as well as in arid climates. Explain.


(ii) Limestones behave differently in humid and arid climates. Why?  What is the dominant and almost exclusive geomorphic process in limestone areas and  what  are  its  results?


(iii) How do glaciers accomplish the work of reducing high mountains into low hills  and  plains?

Ans : (i) In humid regions, There are components of running water. One is overland flow on general land surface as a sheet. Another is linear flow as streams and rivers in valleys. Most of the erosional landforms made by running water are associated with vigorous and youthful rivers flowing along gradients. With time, stream channels over steep gradients turn gentler due to continued erosion, and as a consequence, lose their velocity, facilitating active deposition. Overland flow causes sheet erosion. Depending upon irregularities of the land surface, the overland flow may concentrate into narrow to wide paths. In the early stages, down-cutting dominates during which irregularities such as waterfalls and cascades will be removed. In the middle stages, streams cut their beds slower, and lateral erosion of valley sides becomes severe. During their terminal stages, the running water makes deltas. In arid regions, though rain is scarce in deserts, it comes down torrentially in a short period of time. The desert rocks devoid of vegetation, exposed to mechanical and chemical weathering processes due to drastic diurnal temperature changes, decay faster and the torrential rains help in removing the weathered materials easily. The weathered debris in deserts is moved by not only wind but also by rain sheet wash. Thus, Running water is by far the most dominating geomorphic agent in shaping the earth's surface in humid as well as in arid climates. (ii) Limestones are permeable, thinly bedded and highly jointed and cracked therefore, the surface water percolates well. After vertically going down to some depth, the water under the ground flows horizontally through the bedding planes, joints or through the materials themselves. This downward and horizontal movement of water which causes the rocks to erode. Physical or mechanical removal of materials by moving ground'.vater is insignificant in developing landforms.In arid climates, water table is below the surface therefore, there is less amount of surface water. The amount of water differ in these areas, therefore, limestones behave differently in humid and arid climates. The dominant and almost exclusive geomorphic process in limestone is the processes of solution and deposition by the action of the ground'.vater. Many depositional forms develop within the limestone caves. The depositional landforms in limestone areas by the action of groundwater are stalactites, stalagmites and pillars. (iii) Masses of ice moving as sheets over the land or as linear flows down the slopes of mountains in broad trough-like valleys are called glaciers. The movement of glaciers is slow unlike water flow. The movement could be a few centimetres to a few metres a day or even less or more. Glaciers move basically because of the force of gravity. Erosion by glaciers is tremendous because of friction caused by sheer weight of the ice. The material plucked from the land by glaciers get dragged along the floors or sides of the valleys and cause great damage through abrasion and plucking. Glaciers can cause significant damage to even un-weathered rocks and can reduce high mountains into low hills and plains. As glaciers continue to move, debris gets removed, divides get lowered and eventually the slope is reduced to such an extent that glaciers will stop moving leaving only a mass of low hills and vast ouüash plains along with other depositional features.

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