NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 5 Primary Activities

Q.1: Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.


(i) Which one of the following is not a plantation crop?
(a) Coffee
(b) Sugarcane
(c) Wheat
(d) Rubber


(ii) In which one of the following countries co-operative farming was the most successful
experiment?
(a) Russia
(b) Denmark
(c) India
(d) The Netherlands


(iii) Growing of flowers is called:
(a) Truck farming
(b) Factory farming
(c) Mixed farming
(d) Floriculture


(iv) Which one of the following types of cultivation was developed by European colonists?
(a) Kolkoz
(b) Viticulture
(c) Mixed farming
(d) Plantation


(v) In which one of the following regions is extensive commercial grain cultivation not
practised?
(a) American Canadian prairies
(b) European Steppes
(c) Pampas of Argentina
(d) Amazon Basin


(vi) In which of the following types of agriculture is the farming of citrus fruit very important?
(a) Market gardening
(b) Plantation agriculture
(c) Mediterranean agriculture
(d) Co-operative farming


(vii) Which one type of agriculture amongst the following is also called 'slash and burn
agriculture'?
(a) Extensive subsistence agriculture
(b) Primitive subsistence agriculture
(c) Extensive commercial grain cultivation
(d) Mixed farming


(viii) Which one of the following does not follow monoculture?
(a) Dairy farming
(b) Mixed farming
(c) Plantation agriculture
(d) Commercial grain farming

Ans : (i) (c) Wheat
(ii) (b) Denmark
(iii) (d) Floriculture
(iv) (d) Plantation
(v) (d) Amazon Basin
(vi) (c) Mediterranean agriculture
(vii) (b) Primitive subsistence agriculture
(viii) (b) Mixed farming 

Q.2: Answer the questions in about 30 words.


(i) Future of shifting cultivation is bleak. Discuss.
(ii) Market gardening is practised near urban areas. Why?
(iii) Large scale dairy farming is the result of the development of transportation and
refrigeration.

Ans : (i) One of the major problems of shifting cultivation is that the cycle of jhum becomes less and less due to loss of fertility in different parcels. Therefore, Future of shifting cultivation is bleak.


(ii) Market gardening is specialised in the cultivation of high value crops such as vegetables, fruits and flowers, solely for the urban markets. It is practised near urban areas because farms are small and are located where there are good transportation links with the urban centre where high income group of consumers is located. 


(iii) Dairy products require quick and suitable transportation as these items are perishable. The development of transportation and refrigeration have increased the duration of storage of various dairy products. 

Q.3: Answer the following questions in not mMe than 150 words.


(i) Differentiate between Nomadic Herding and Commercial Livestock Rearing.
(ii) Discuss the important characteristic features of plantation agriculture. Narne a few important plantation crops from different countries.

Ans : 




Plantation agriculture as mentioned above was introduced by the Europeans in colonies
situated in the tropics. The important characteristics features of plantation agriculture are:
Large estates or plantations
Large capital investment
Managerial and technical support
Scientific methods of cultivation
Single crop specialisation
Cheap labour
A good system of transportation which links the estates to the factories and markets tor the export ot the products.
Few important plantation crops from different countries are:
Tea India and Sri Lanka,
Rubber - Malaysia
Sugarcane and banana plantations - West Indies.