NCERT Solutions for Class 3 The World Around Us Chapter 4 Getting to Know Plants (PDF) – 2027

Trees I can recognise: mango, peepal, coconut, banyan and neem.

I have seen a mango tree and a peepal tree near my home. On my way to school there is a big banyan tree. Long roots hang down from its branches.

Some shrubs are hibiscus, rose, tulsi, curry leaf and mehndi.

Sample answer: Yes, I have seen a tulsi plant. It grows in a pot in our courtyard.

Ask the elders at home. Write the names in the language you speak at home.

Yes. Grasses are types of herbs. Like herbs, grasses have soft, green stems that do not become woody.

I noticed 4 kinds of grass in my school ground. One was short and soft. One was tall with fluffy tops. One had wider leaves. One grew in a wet corner near the tap.

Some herbs are mint, tomato, coriander, mustard and spinach.

It is a climber. It is the snake gourd. Its thin stem has climbed up a pole. In Hindi it is called chichinda.

Yes — the money plant, bottle gourd, pumpkin and watermelon are all in the pictures on page 53.

Neem and ber have a woody trunk, so they are trees. Marigold is a small, bushy plant, so it is a shrub.

We spotted 3 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 1 + 1 = 11 kinds of plants.

I chose the hibiscus shrub in our school garden. I named it Lali, because its flowers are red. I water it every morning. I put a few bricks around it so that no one steps on it.

(for Lali, the hibiscus shrub):

• Time and date of observation: 8 o’clock in the morning, 15 July
• Month: July
• Weather: rainy

Yes. New leaves come at the tips of branches. They are small and light green. They turn dark green as they grow.

Sample answer: Yes, I found three new leaves on my hibiscus. They were small and light green. After two weeks they were bigger and dark green.

Yes. Old leaves slowly turn yellow or brown. Then they dry and fall to the ground.

Sample answer: Yes. I found four dry, brown leaves under my plant. One more yellow leaf was about to fall.

It depends on the plant and the month. First buds come, then flowers. Fruits grow later from the flowers.

Sample answer: In July I saw red flowers on my hibiscus. I did not see any fruit.

I saw ants going up the stem. A bee sat on a red flower. One leaf had small holes. Maybe an insect had eaten it.

My plant friend is Lali. She is a hibiscus shrub in our school garden. She has many brown, woody stems. Her leaves are dark green and shiny. She has a few big red flowers. I water her every morning. Last week two new leaves came out.

Four leaves drawn, coloured and labelled.

“My leaf is a mango leaf. It is green, long and narrow. It feels smooth. When I rub it, it smells nice.”

1. Leaves of different plants have different colours, shapes and sizes.
2. Some leaves are rough and some are smooth.
3. Leaves smell different from each other, like tulsi, mint and curry leaves.
4. New and old leaves of one plant can have different colours.

A rubbed mango leaf has a fresh, sweet smell.

Sample answer: Yes, I rubbed a mango leaf and smelled it. It smelled fresh and a little like raw mangoes. I liked it too.

It depends on the fruit.

Sample answer: I could smell a ripe mango from 3 steps away. I could smell a guava only from 2 steps away.

Yes. Cut fruit is easier to recognise by smell.

Sample answer: I smelled the whole mango from 3 steps away. I smelled the cut mango from 5 steps away. So the cut fruit was easier.

A fruit with a strong smell, like ripe jackfruit, pineapple or mango, can be smelled from farthest away.

Sample answer: I could smell the ripe jackfruit from farthest away — 6 steps.

The parts of a plant are roots, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds.

Labels from top to bottom: flower, leaf, fruit, stem, roots, seed.

Yes, usually.

Sample answer: I touched the bark of a neem tree. It was rough, with deep cracks. I saw a line of red ants going up. A squirrel ran up the trunk.

The pattern of the bark comes out on the paper. This is called a bark rubbing.

Yes, you can often guess. Each kind of tree has its own bark pattern.

Sample answer: I guessed 3 out of 5 papers correctly. The neem rubbing was easy because of its deep lines.

Yes. I saw a line of ants on the trunk. A crow was sitting on a high branch. Two butterflies were near the leaves. There was a spider’s web between two branches.

• The ants were carrying tiny bits of food up the trunk.
• The crow was resting and looking around.
• The butterflies were flying from flower to flower.
• The spider was sitting still in its web, waiting.

Without plants, people and animals would not be able to live.

1. We would have no fruits, vegetables, grains or dal to eat.
2. Cows and goats would have no grass to eat.
3. There would be no cool shade.
4. Birds would have no trees for their nests.

The root helps a plant in two ways.

1. It holds the plant firmly in the soil. So wind and rain do not knock it over.
2. It takes in water from the soil. The plant needs water to grow.

The stem holds the plant up.

1. It keeps the plant standing.
2. Branches, leaves, flowers and fruits grow on it.
3. It carries water from the roots up to the leaves.

The stem helped me the most.

• Tree — one big woody trunk.
• Shrub — many woody stems near the ground.
• Herb — a soft, green stem.
• Grass — a hollow stem, thin flat leaves.
• Climber — a thin stem that climbs a support.
• Creeper — a thin stem that spreads on the ground.

My favourite plant is the mango tree in my grandmother’s yard. It has a thick brown trunk and many branches. Its leaves are long and narrow. It is my favourite because I love its sweet mangoes and its cool shade.

Four different leaves — round, long, heart-shaped and with tiny leaflets.

I put a big flower in the middle. I arranged leaves and flowers around it in circles.

I made a fish. One big leaf is the body. Two small leaves are the tail. A small flower is the eye.