NCERT Solutions for Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 10 Our Sky (PDF) – 2027

Draw three different skies. Morning: an orange-pink sky with a low orange Sun. Afternoon: a bright blue sky with the Sun high up. Night: a dark sky with the Moon and stars.

the completed table. The four points in black are the ones already printed in the book.

Most of our points matched, because we all looked at the same sky. Five of us wrote ‘orange sky’ for the morning. Kamla’s night sky had no stars, because it was cloudy in her village that night.

Yes. Animals and plants change what they do as the day goes on.

Sample answer: a list made after watching for one full day.

The Sun. It is the brightest object in our sky.

• It is so bright that the other stars cannot be seen when it is in the sky.
• It gives us both light and heat.

The dark sky slowly becomes light.

• The part of the sky where the Sun comes up turns orange, pink and golden.
• The Sun itself looks orange and sits low, near the ground.
• The stars fade away and can no longer be seen.
• Bit by bit the whole sky turns pale blue.

They wake up and become busy.

• The cock crows. Birds chirp loudly and fly out of their nests to look for food.
• Cows, goats and buffaloes are let out and taken to graze.
• Butterflies and bees come to the open flowers.
• Owls and bats, which were out all night, go back to rest.

The home wakes up with the Sun.

• The lights are switched off — sunlight now comes in through the windows.
• Everyone gets up, brushes and bathes.
• Tea is made and breakfast is cooked. The smell of food fills the house.
• Clothes are put out in the Sun to dry.
• Children get ready for school and elders leave for work.

The bright sky slowly becomes dark.

• The part of the sky where the Sun goes down turns orange and red.
• The Sun looks big and orange and slips down on the other side of the sky.
• The colours fade, and the sky turns grey and then dark.
• One by one the stars begin to appear.

They come back and settle down for the night.

• Birds fly back to their nests in rows, calling to one another.
• Cows and goats return home from the fields.
• Hens go into their coop and most animals lie down to sleep.
• Owls, bats, crickets and mosquitoes come out — their day is just beginning.

The home gets ready for the night.

• The lights and lamps are switched on, because sunlight is gone.
• Children come in from play and wash their hands and feet.
• Clothes that were drying are taken in.
• Dinner is cooked and the family sits together to eat.
• Homework is done, doors are shut, and everyone goes to sleep.

Yes. The shadow goes wherever you go.

• If you walk, the shadow walks. If you run, the shadow runs with you.
• If you make different poses, the shape of the shadow changes in the same way.
• If you jump, the shadow jumps too.

The shadows differ in length and in direction.

• Morning: the shadow is long.
• Noon: the shadow is short — it lies almost under the feet.
• Evening: the shadow is long again.
• But the evening shadow falls in the opposite direction to the morning shadow.

Your shadow changes in three ways.

1. Its length changes. It is long in the early morning, short at noon, and long again in the evening.
2. Its direction changes. The evening shadow points the opposite way to the morning shadow.
3. Its shape changes whenever you change your pose — spread your arms and the shadow spreads its arms.

Yes. It happens to every object that blocks the light.

• A tree, a pole, a wall, a bucket, a bicycle — each one makes a shadow.
• Every one of those shadows is long in the morning, short at noon and long again in the evening.
• Page 158 of your book shows exactly this for a tree: three pictures, three different shadows.

No. Any light can make a shadow, not only sunlight.

• A torch makes a shadow — you will see this in the activity on page 156.
• A lamp, a candle, a tube light and even a mobile phone screen make shadows.
• Moonlight on a bright full-Moon night can also make a faint shadow.

The changes happen because the Sun appears to move across the sky.

1. In the morning the Sun appears in the East, low down.
2. By noon it has come overhead.
3. In the afternoon it moves towards the West and goes low again.

What you will see:

• Stick nearer the torch → the shadow becomes bigger. Stick further from the torch → the shadow becomes smaller.
• Torch moved to the left → the shadow swings to the right, and the other way round.

The size of the shadow changes.

• If the object is close to the source of light, the shadow is bigger.
• If the object is far from the source of light, the shadow is smaller.

The direction of the shadow changes.

• Shine the torch from the left → the shadow falls to the right.
• Shine the torch from the right → the shadow falls to the left.
• Hold the torch straight above the stick → the shadow becomes very short.

The rule in one line: the shadow always falls on the side away from the light.

Because the Sun is on a different side of the sky at those two times.

1. In the morning the Sun appears in the East. The shadow falls away from it, towards the West.
2. In the evening the Sun has moved to the West. Now the shadow falls the other way, towards the East.

The rule your drawing must follow: the shadow always falls on the side away from the Sun.

Sample answer — easy shapes to start with:

• Bird: cross your two hands at the wrists and flap your fingers like wings.
• Dog: join your fingers to make a long face; let the thumb open and shut as the mouth.
• Deer: spread the fingers of one hand behind the fist of the other for the horns.
• Snake: hold one hand flat and let it wave slowly.

a well-known pattern of seven bright stars. In India it is called Saptarshi, the Seven Sages.

A few patterns were drawn by many of us, because we all saw the same sky. Seven of us drew the same seven bright stars, but we gave them different names: ‘the big spoon’, ‘the plough’ and Saptarshi.

• A night when the Moon is a complete circle is Poornima, the full Moon.
• A night when the Moon is not visible at all is Amavasya, the new Moon.
• In between you will see the ‘C’ shape and the half shape, as if the Moon has been cut down the middle.

Yes, there is. The shape changes in a fixed order, and then the order repeats.

So the pattern is: thin → half → full → half → thin → not visible → and it all begins again.

Yes. There are nights when the Moon is not visible at all.

• Such a night is called Amavasya, or the new Moon.
• It happens periodically — it comes back about once a month.
• Diwali is celebrated on the day when there is no Moon in the sky.
• Eid is celebrated on the day the Moon is seen on the first night after a New Moon.

Two differences between day and night:

1. In the day the Sun is in the sky and everything is bright. At night the Sun is not in the sky and it is dark.
2. In the day we see the Sun and the blue sky. At night we see the Moon and the stars.

Two differences between the morning sky and the evening sky:

1. In the morning the sky turns orange on the East side, where the Sun appears. In the evening it turns orange on the West side, where the Sun goes down.
2. The morning sky is getting brighter — the stars fade away. The evening sky is getting darker — the stars begin to appear.

Two differences in what we do:

1. During the day we go to school, work, play outside and dry our clothes in the Sun. At night we stay indoors, eat dinner and sleep.
2. During the day we work in sunlight, which is free. At night we must switch on lamps and lights to see.

Two differences in what animals do:

1. In the day most birds and animals are awake — birds fly out to look for food, cows graze, butterflies visit flowers. At night most of them sleep in their nests, coops and sheds.
2. Some animals do the opposite. Owls, bats, crickets and mosquitoes come out at night and rest in the day.

(any two, in your own words):

1. “Why do you say the Sun appears to move? Does it really move, or does it only look that way to us?”
2. “Does the Sun appear to come up from the same place in the East every single day?”

Why: The Sun appears to move from East to West. In the morning it is in the East, so my shadow points West. In the afternoon it is towards the West, so my shadow points East.

Same length? Usually not. A low Sun makes a long shadow; a high Sun makes a short one.

Sample answer — the completed riddle: