NCERT Solutions for Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 8 How Things Are Made – step-by-step answers to every exercise and in-text question of the chapter, as per the latest NCERT syllabus for 2027. Read them online or download the free question-answer PDF.
Pihu learns from her mother that paper comes from trees. Together they make recycled paper at home from old newspapers, colour it with natural dyes, and learn the 5Rs of waste management.
NCERT Solutions for Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 8 How Things Are Made PDF
All the answers are on this page below. The PDF also explains every answer – why it is right and how to check it – so download it for revision.
| Chapter | Download | |
|---|---|---|
| Solutions PDF (English medium) | How Things Are Made | View PDF |
| Solutions PDF (Hindi medium) | वस्तुओं का निर्माण | View PDF |
NCERT Solutions for Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 8 How Things Are Made – Questions and Answers
All 15 questions of the chapter (textbook pages 117 – 127) are answered below, in the order of the book – in-text questions, activities and the end-of-chapter exercises. Each answer is written the way you would write it in the exam.
In-text Questions — Pages 118–119Pihu and Maa talk about paper
Paper is made from trees. The wood of trees is made into a wet wood pulp. The pulp is rolled into thin sheets of paper. So when we recycle old paper, fewer trees need to be cut.
Yes. Pihu’s drawing book is made from trees. Maa says the newspaper, paper napkins and the chart papers used for school projects are also made from trees.
Maa says: “Yes, Pihu. That is because it is made from recycled paper.” Recycled paper feels rough. The drawing book is smooth because it is made from wood pulp.
Yes, we can. Maa says, “Yes, Pihu. Why not? Let us try.” We need only old newspapers, a few fenugreek (methi) seeds and water. The steps are given in Activity 1.
Activity 1 — Page 119Make Recycled Paper
- Collect materials: Old newspapers, some fenugreek seeds (methi) and water.
- Prepare the paper pulp: Tear the newspapers into small pieces and soak them in water. Put a small quantity of fenugreek seeds in the water and leave it overnight. The fenugreek seeds are used as a binding material.
- Using a grinder, blend or mash the soaked paper and fenugreek seeds, to create a wet mixture. Soaked paper can also be mashed using hands or any other available tool.
- Roll out: Spread the paste on a flat base and roll it out into thin sheets.
- Leave the rolled sheets of paper to dry. Your recycled paper is ready!
Steps I followed:
- I collected old newspapers, a few methi seeds and water.
- I tore the newspaper into small pieces and soaked them overnight in water with the methi seeds.
- Next day, I mashed it all into a wet paste.
- I spread the paste on a flat base and rolled it into thin sheets.
- I left the sheets to dry. My recycled paper was ready.
Activity 2 — Page 120Natural Colour Experiment
I coloured my dry sheet yellow with turmeric water. When it dried, I dipped my finger in beetroot juice and made pink dots all around the edge. In the middle I painted a green leaf with spinach paste.
| Natural ingredient used | Paste a sample of your paper here | Colour and brightness (dull/bright) |
|---|---|---|
| Turmeric | Yellow, dull | |
| Spinach | ||
| Beetroot | ||
| Henna |
(your colours may look a little different):
| Natural ingredient used | Paste a sample of your paper here | Colour and brightness (dull/bright) |
|---|---|---|
| Turmeric | (paste your piece) | Yellow, dull (given) |
| Spinach | (paste your piece) | Light green, dull |
| Beetroot | (paste your piece) | Pink, bright |
| Henna | (paste your piece) | Orange-brown, dull |
Activity 3 — Page 121A Special Gift
I made a greeting card for my grandmother. I folded a sheet of my recycled paper in half. On the front I painted a yellow flower with turmeric. Inside I wrote, “Happy birthday, Dadi. I made this paper myself.”
Discuss — Page 122The effort that goes into making paper
Yes, we waste a lot of paper. For example:
- We write on only one side of a page.
- We tear out a fresh page for rough work.
- We throw away notebooks that are still half empty.
- We use paper cups, plates and napkins only once.
We can reduce wastage of paper by using paper only when needed.
- Write on both sides of every page.
- Use the blank pages of old notebooks for rough work.
- Say no to paper cups and paper napkins.
- Give old books to younger students.
- Make bags and toys from old newspapers.
- Give old paper for recycling.
Activity 4 — Page 123Different Types of Paper and their Uses
| Types of paper | Uses |
|---|---|
| Paste here | |
| Paste here | |
| Paste here | |
| Paste here | |
| Paste here |
(paste a small piece of each paper in the first column):
| Types of paper | Uses |
|---|---|
| Writing paper | For writing in notebooks and letters. |
| Newspaper | For printing the news. Later, to wrap things. |
| Art paper | For drawing, painting and making charts. |
| Cardboard | It is thick and hard, so it is used to make boxes for packing things. |
| Tissue paper | It is very thin, soft and absorbs water, so it is used for cleaning. |
Activity 5 — Page 125Making Responsible Choices
| Example | 5Rs of Waste Management |
|---|---|
| A family brings their own cloth bags to the grocery store instead of using plastic ones. | Reuse |
| Maya does not use a plastic straw to drink coconut water. | |
| Rohan uses blank pages of his old notebooks to avoid wastage of paper. | |
| Sara gives her old books to younger students for their use. | |
| Kabir paints an old bottle to use as a flower vase. | |
| Priya cuts old clothes to make a fun bag for carrying her books. | |
| A shopkeeper turns old newspapers into paper envelopes. |
Completed table:
| Example | 5Rs of Waste Management |
|---|---|
| A family brings their own cloth bags to the grocery store instead of using plastic ones. | Reuse (given) |
| Maya does not use a plastic straw to drink coconut water. | Refuse She says ‘no’ to the straw. |
| Rohan uses blank pages of his old notebooks to avoid wastage of paper. | Reduce He wastes less paper. |
| Sara gives her old books to younger students for their use. | Reuse The same books are used again. |
| Kabir paints an old bottle to use as a flower vase. | Repurpose The bottle gets a new use. |
| Priya cuts old clothes to make a fun bag for carrying her books. | Repurpose Old clothes get a new use. |
| A shopkeeper turns old newspapers into paper envelopes. | Recycle Old paper is made into a new thing. |
Let us reflect — Page 127End-of-chapter questions
We can make these objects using paper pulp:
- bowls, plates and small pots
- a pen stand and a flower vase
- masks for a school play
- dolls, birds and animals
- beads, photo frames and wall hangings
- new sheets of handmade paper
(write one step in each box):
| R | One step I can take |
|---|---|
| Refuse | I will say no to paper cups and paper plates. |
| Reduce | I will write on both sides of every page. |
| Reuse | I will use a gift bag again instead of throwing it away. |
| Repurpose | I will make a pen stand from an old cardboard box. |
| Recycle | I will give old newspapers for making new paper. |
| Refuse | |
| Reduce | |
| Reuse | |
| Repurpose | |
| Recycle |
(write your own ideas in the same way):
| Refuse | I will say no to paper cups, paper plates and paper napkins. I will carry my own steel glass. |
| Reduce | I will write on both sides of every page. I will use the blank pages of old notebooks for rough work. |
| Reuse | I will use gift bags and gift wrappers again. I will give my old books to younger students. |
| Repurpose | I will make paper bags, toys and decorations from old newspapers. |
| Recycle | I will give old newspapers for recycling, or make handmade paper from them. |
Chapter 8 of 10 – The World Around Us
- Previous: Chapter 7 How Things Work
- Next: Chapter 9 Different Lands Different Lives
- All chapters: NCERT Solutions Class 4 The World Around Us
NCERT Solutions Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 8 How Things Are Made – Overview
| Class | Class 4 |
| Subject | The World Around Us |
| Chapter | 8 – How Things Are Made |
| Textbook pages | 117 – 127 |
| Questions solved | 15 |
| Session | 2027 |
| Format | Full answers on this page + PDF |
NCERT Solutions Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 8 – FAQs
Where can I download NCERT Solutions Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 8 How Things Are Made PDF?
Read every answer on this page, or download the free PDF from the table at the top.
Is this for the 2027 session?
Yes, it follows the latest NCERT Class 4 The World Around Us book for 2027.
How many questions are solved in NCERT Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 8?
All 15 questions of the chapter (textbook pages 117 – 127) – the in-text questions, activities and the end-of-chapter exercises.
How should I use these solutions?
Read the chapter in the NCERT book first, attempt the questions yourself, then check your answers here.