NCERT Solutions for Class 5 The World Around Us Chapter 9 Rhythms of Nature (PDF) – 2027

Write one short line in each box: what was true in Grade 3, in Grade 4, and now in Grade 5.

Sample answer (your own table will be different):

A big tree, such as a banyan or a mango tree, takes many years to grow tall and thick. Other slow changes: a baby growing into an adult, a village growing into a town, and rocks and mountains slowly wearing down.

A sapling planted in the school ground grows taller than us and starts giving shade in two or three years. Other examples: a puppy becomes a grown-up dog, a papaya plant starts giving fruit, and our school uniform becomes too small.

Yes. The seasons come back every year in the same order — summer, the rains, winter, and summer again. Trees shed old leaves and grow new ones, mangoes ripen every summer, migratory birds come every winter, and festivals like Holi and Diwali return every year.

Yes. A soap bubble bursts in a few seconds, lightning flashes in less than a second, and ice in your hand melts in a few minutes. The colour of the sky at sunset also changes from blue to orange to grey within minutes.

Day and night happen because the Earth rotates (turns round on itself). The Sun can light only the half of the Earth that faces it — that half has day. The other half is in darkness and has night. As the Earth keeps turning, every place gets day and night by turns. One full turn takes about 24 hours.

No, the Sun is not moving round the Earth. The Earth rotates from west to east, so the Sun only seems to rise in the east, cross the sky and set in the west. It is like sitting in a moving bus: the trees outside seem to run backwards, but it is really the bus that moves.

Observation: while the ‘Earth’ faces the ‘Sun’, the student says “day”; after turning away, the student says “night”. So day and night come one after the other only because the Earth turns — the Sun does not move at all.

Observation: the torch lights up one half of the globe (day) while the other half stays dark (night). As the globe is turned slowly, places like India move from the lit half into the dark half and back again, though the torch never moves. This is how the rotating Earth gets day and night.

Yes. The side of the globe facing the torch was lit — it had day. The side turned away was dark — it had night. Both happen at the same time: when it is day on one half of the Earth, it is night on the other half.

When it is daytime in India, it is night in the countries on the opposite side of the globe — the countries of North and South America, such as the U.S.A., Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Peru and Chile.

Make one large wall chart with 4 columns for the time periods (April–June, July–September, October–December, January–March) and 5 rows for the themes (plant life; birds and animals; air, heat and light; water and water bodies; human activities). That gives 20 boxes to fill.

Fill the chart one box at a time: one student reads out the box (for example, “April–June, plant life”), classmates share what they noted in their journals, and the main points are written in short phrases.

Sample filled chart (plains of north India; your chart will depend on your region):

Each of the five groups takes one row (theme) of the chart and makes a poster showing how that theme changed across the four time periods. Divide the poster into four parts, one for each time period, with one picture and a few short points in each, then present it to the class.

Each new group studies all five themes for its time period and writes a short story linking nature with people’s lives.

Sample story (January–March): In January, thick fog hid the neem tree and children ate gajak on Makar Sankranti. In February the mustard turned yellow and the mango tree flowered. By March the fog was gone, children played Holi without sweaters, migratory ducks left the lake and a sparrow began building its nest.

Yes. The same changes happened last year and will happen again next year, in the same order — hot weather, then rain, then cool and cold weather, then warm again. This repeating pattern of change through the year is what we call the seasons.

In my region (north India) we mainly speak of garmi (summer, April–June), barsaat (the rains, July–September) and sardi (winter, November–February), with short spells called basant (spring, around March) and patjhar (the leaf-fall season). Write the names your own family uses.

India has six seasons: Vasanta (Spring), Grishma (Summer), Varsha (Monsoon), Sharad (Autumn), Hemant (Pre-winter) and Shishir (Winter). Each lasts about two months.

Each season lasts about two months. A sample answer for most of north and central India:

Your own region may be a few weeks earlier or later — check with your teacher and elders before you write.

When the season changes I feel excited — the first rain after summer smells wonderful. But I would not want one season all year. Endless summer would dry up ponds and crops, endless rain would rot the crops, and endless winter would give us no mangoes. Each season brings its own fruits, festivals and fun.

Because the weather of a place depends on where it is. Kashmir is far north and high up among snowy mountains, so its winter is freezing. Kerala is in the south, near the sea, so its winter is only mildly cool. Moist monsoon winds hit the hills near Assam and bring heavy rain, but they reach Rajasthan with little moisture left, so it gets little rain.

Yes. Examples: Kajri and Jhula songs of the rainy season (Uttar Pradesh and Bihar), Raga Malhar sung for the rains, Hori and Phaag songs of spring and Holi (Braj), Bihu songs of Assam, and Lohri songs of Punjab sung round the winter bonfire. Ask your elders for songs from your own region.

Sample answer for the plains of north India (fill in the crops of your own region):

1. Pongal, Makar Sankranti → (d) Winter
2. Holi → (a) Spring — when flowers bloom
3. Diwali → (b) Autumn — after crops are harvested
4. Baisakhi, Gudi Padwa, Vishu, Rongali Bihu → (c) New year and harvest festival

Summer began in April — the road felt hot and we ate mangoes almost every day. In late June the first rain came, and everything turned green in a week. By October the sky was clear blue and we made rangoli for Diwali. January was foggy and cold; we had a bonfire on Lohri. In March we played Holi and put our sweaters away.

My grandparents say that summers are now hotter and longer, winters are shorter and less cold, and the rains come less regularly than before. Possible reasons: cutting of trees, towns growing bigger with more cement and roads, ponds being filled in, and smoke and gases from vehicles and factories warming the Earth.

Sample answer (a Hindi-speaking region, such as Uttar Pradesh):
(a) Spring: Basant
(b) Summer: Garmi
(c) Monsoon: Barsaat
(d) Autumn: Sharad or Patjhar
(e) Pre-winter: Hemant
(f) Winter: Sardi or Jaada

Write the names used in your own region and language.

(north India; write what your own family eats, wears and celebrates):

I wrote in my seasons’ journal every Sunday — the date, the weather and how the neem tree outside our house looked. The hardest part was remembering to write. The best surprise was the neem tree: it shed old leaves in March, flowered in April and had small fruits in June. Next year I will also note the time of sunset.

Draw the same scene three times, side by side, headed Summer, Monsoon and Winters, and change only what the season changes. Summer: bright sun, dry grass, nearly dry pond, people in cotton clothes. Monsoon: dark clouds, rain, green tree, full pond, umbrellas. Winters: fog, bare tree, people in sweaters and mufflers near a fire.