CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 (Subject Code 044) has been released by the Central Board of Secondary Education for the 2026-27 academic session. It is a 100-mark course – 70 marks theory across a 3-hour exam covering five units (Reproduction, Genetics and Evolution, Biology and Human Welfare, Biotechnology and its Applications, and Ecology and Environment), plus 30 marks Practicals. Download the official CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus PDF and see the full unit-wise breakdown below.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 PDF
The complete curriculum is as follows.
CBSE Senior Secondary Syllabus 2027 Biology View Download
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 – Marks Weightage (Unit-wise)
The CBSE Class 12 Biology exam carries 100 total marks – 70 for the theory paper and 30 for Practicals. The theory paper is split across five units as follows.
| Unit | Title | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| VI | Reproduction | 16 |
| VII | Genetics and Evolution | 20 |
| VIII | Biology and Human Welfare | 12 |
| IX | Biotechnology and its Applications | 12 |
| X | Ecology and Environment | 10 |
| Theory Total | 70 | |
| Practicals | Experiments, spotting, project and viva | 30 |
| Grand Total | 100 |
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 – Unit-wise Topics Covered
The CBSE Class 12 Biology theory course is organised into five units and thirteen chapters. The key topics prescribed under each unit are listed below.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 – Prescribed Textbook & Practicals
Biology at Class 12 carries a theory and practical split of 70 + 30 marks. The practical examination is of 3 hours and is worth 30 marks, distributed as shown below.
| Evaluation Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| One Major Experiment (Exp 5) | 5 |
| One Minor Experiment (Exp 2 & 3) | 4 |
| Slide Preparation (Exp 1 & 4) | 5 |
| Spotting | 7 |
| Practical Record + Viva Voce | 4 |
| Investigatory Project + Project Record + Viva Voce | 5 |
| Total | 30 |
The list of experiments includes preparing a temporary mount to observe pollen germination, studying plant population density and frequency by quadrat method, preparing a temporary mount of onion root tip to study mitosis, and isolating DNA from plant material such as spinach, green pea seeds, papaya or banana. Spotting covers flowers adapted to pollination, pollen germination on stigma, T.S. of testis and ovary, meiosis, T.S. of blastula, Mendelian inheritance and pedigree charts, and common disease-causing organisms.
Prescribed Textbook: Biology, Class-XII, published by NCERT, along with the Biology Supplementary Material (Revised) and Reading Material Biology Class XII available on the CBSE website.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 – Exam Pattern (Question Paper Design)
The CBSE Class 12 Biology theory paper is designed around three competency levels. The typology includes VSA (with MCQs and Assertion-Reasoning), SA, LA-I and LA-II, and Source/Case/Passage-based questions, with an internal choice of approximately 33%. The competency-wise weightage is as follows.
| Competency | Description | Weightage |
|---|---|---|
| Demonstrate Knowledge and Understanding | State, name, list, identify, define, describe, outline | 50% |
| Application of Knowledge / Concepts | Calculate, illustrate, show, adapt, explain, distinguish | 30% |
| Analyse, Evaluate and Create | Interpret, analyse, compare, examine, evaluate, construct | 20% |
| Total | 100% |
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 – Continue Your Preparation
Once you have reviewed the syllabus, practice with the CBSE Class 12 Biology Sample Paper and previous years’ CBSE Class 12 Question Papers to prepare for your board exam. You can also study from NCERT Books for Class 12 and NCERT Solutions for Class 12.
Frequently Asked Questions
The CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 (Subject Code 044) is the official curriculum released by CBSE for the 2026-27 academic session. It covers five units – Reproduction, Genetics and Evolution, Biology and Human Welfare, Biotechnology and its Applications, and Ecology and Environment – for a total of 100 marks (70 theory plus 30 practicals).
The subject code for Biology in CBSE Class 12 is 044.
The CBSE Class 12 Biology theory exam is of 70 marks (3 hours), plus 30 marks for Practicals, making a total of 100 marks.
Genetics and Evolution (Unit VII) carries the highest weightage in the CBSE Class 12 Biology theory paper, with 20 marks out of 70. It is followed by Reproduction (16 marks).
The prescribed textbook is Biology, Class-XII, published by NCERT, along with the Biology Supplementary Material (Revised) and Reading Material Biology Class XII available on the CBSE website.
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026-27 (All Subjects)
You study more subjects besides Biology in 12th class. The subject-wise syllabus for CBSE Class 12 students is as follows.
CBSE Syllabus 2026-27 (Class-wise)
The class-wise syllabus for CBSE board students is as follows.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027 – An Overview
The important things to know about this curriculum are as follows.
| Aspects | Details |
|---|---|
| Education Board | CBSE |
| Class | Class 12 |
| Subject | Biology (Code 044) |
| Study Material Here | CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Biology |
| All Curriculum for This Class | CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 |
| All Curriculum for This Board | CBSE Syllabus |
| Full Name of CBSE | Central Board of Secondary Education |
| NCERT Books | NCERT Books for Class 12 |
| NCERT Solutions | NCERT Solutions for Class 12 |
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